Objective: To investigate how anesthesia affects cardiovascular patient outcomes.

Methods: This secondary research analyzed data from studies from peer-reviewed journals sourced from Google Scholar, Ovid MEDLINE, and EBSCOhost to investigate anesthesia management and administration. Qualitative research articles conducted from 2018 through 2023 were included in this analysis. The articles are categorized into anesthesia complications, planning, and management. The use of a reading grid in Excel helped organize all the articles so they could be compared and contrasted with one another. The reading grid consisted of six sections that helped organize the article's information. The sections are labeled as author/title/year/citation, topic, sample/study design/data collected, key idea/theme, how to use it, and further thoughts.

Results: A review of the literature revealed anesthesia management and anesthesia planning pre and post-procedures minimize complications and have a positive effect on patient outcomes. The most common complications include respiratory and airway-related events, such as respiratory depression, cough, bronchospasm, laryngospasm, increased respiratory secretion, and airway obstruction.

Conclusion: Researchers reported that specific guidelines must be followed for the anesthesia management and administration of cardiovascular patients. Anesthesia affects a person's cardiovascular system significantly, therefore causing a higher risk of heart and body function complications for patients with cardiovascular diseases. Following these guidelines improves patient outcomes and reduces these avoidable complications. Further research is needed to understand the importance of anesthesia management and planning for patients with cardiovascular diseases. 

Keywords: Anesthesia, Cardiovascular disease, Outcomes, Complications, Management