Celebration of Scholars
Organic Synthesis of O-acylated Amino-Acid Based Surfactants to Examine Antimicrobial Properties
Name:
Aileen Szczepanski
Major: Biology
Hometown: Kenosha
Faculty Sponsor:
David Brownholland
Other Sponsors: Tobiason, Deborah
Type of research: SURE
Funding: SURE, Biology and Chemistry Department
Name:
Veronica Pieters
Major: Biology
Hometown: Butler
Faculty Sponsor:
Deborah Tobiason
Other Sponsors: Brownholland, David
Type of research: SURE
Funding: SURE, Biology and Chemistry Department
Abstract
Surfactants are
surface-active materials with numerous applications, including: detergents and
soaps, cosmetics, fabric softeners, pharmaceutical creams and ointments, and
plasticizers. Currently, amino acid-based surfactants have generated interest
as antibacterial agents, chiral resolution, chelating agents, and as switchable
surfactants. Furthermore, these surfactants are of particular interest because
they are largely biodegradable, due to a relatively labile ester or amide bond.
We describe the synthesis of O-acylated amino acid surfactants with
hydrophobic ω-alkenyl chains. Amino acids, such as L-Leucine and
L-Phenylalanine, were acylated with ω-undecylenyl alcohol using a Fischer
esterification reaction. The amino-acid based surfactants were then purified
using silica-gel chromatography, as well as an amine-selective resin.
Afterwards, these two types of amino acid-based surfactants were evaluated for
their antimicrobial activity by initially performing a Kirby-Bauer Assay, using
Mueller-Hinton Agar (MHA) plates to observe disc diffusion rates based on the
susceptibility of Escherichia coli (gram-negative) and Staphylococcus
aureus (gram-positive) bacteria. Recently, further antimicrobial testing
was conducted using a different methodology known as a Micro Broth Dilution
Assay, in order to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of
both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria for each
of the amino-acid based surfactants that have been synthesized. The results of
our experiments have determined that both the L-Leucine and L-Phenylalanine
amino-acid based surfactants exhibit antimicrobial activity, in which the
application was stronger against Staphylococcus aureus compared to Escherichia
coli.